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References
UTRdb and UTRsite (RELEASE 2010): a collection of sequences and regulatory motifs of the untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2010; 38 (Database issue): D75-D80.

UTRdb and UTRsite: a collection of sequences and regulatory motifs of the untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jan 1; 33 (Database issue): D141-6.

UTRdb and UTRsite: specialized databases of sequences and functional elements of 5' and 3' untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs. Update 2002.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1; 30 (1): 335-40.

UTRdb and UTRsite: specialized databases of sequences and functional elements of 5' and 3' untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1; 28 (1): 193-6

Signal Manager :: View

::General Information
ID U0032
Creation Date 02 August 2003
Updating Date 28 September 2009
Standard Name alpha-globin 3'UTR C-rich stability determinant (AG-CRSD)
UTRSite Pattern 
yyugcsns 0...1  ytkgsc 0...1 tcysnmmrnsccctyytycyctycyt 0...1 gcac
::Taxonomy
UTR Region 3'
Taxon Range Metazoa
::Description
Description The long half-life of alpha-globin mRNA (>24h in the developing erythroid cells) is mediated by three cytosine-rich regions, folded into a conserved secondary structure, located in its 3'UTR. These C-rich regions, also found in many other stable mRNAs, such as alpha(I) collagen, tyrosine hydrosylase, 15-lipoxygenase mRNAs and many others identified by microarray study(Waggoner and Liebhaber. Mol Cell Biol. 23:7055-67. 2003), assemble an RNA -protein complex (alpha-complex). Mutations of any of t......
Image
::Features
Feature Key AG-CRSD
::Transcript(s) / Gene(s)
UTR(s)
Description Species Link Ref.
3'UTR in Homo sapiens hemoglobin, alpha 2 (HBA2), mRNA Homo sapiens UTRef: 3HSAR033216 [U1][U2]
5'UTR in Human poliovirus UTRef: BB198084 [U3]
Transcript(s)
Description Species Link Ref.
Homo sapiens hemoglobin, alpha 2 (HBA2), mRNA Homo sapiens RefSeq: NM_000517 [T1]
Poliovirus, complete sequence RefSeq: NC_002058 [T2]
Gene(s)
Description Species Link Ref.
HEMOGLOBIN--ALPHA LOCUS 2; HBA2 Homo sapiens MIM: 141850 [G1]
Poliovirus, complete genome RefSeq: NC_002058 [G2]
::Protein(s)
Binding Protein(s)
Description Species Link Ref.
alphaCP1 Homo sapiens UniProt: Q15365 [B1]
alphaCP2 Homo sapiens UniProt: Q15366 [B2]
alphaCP1 Mus musculus UniProt: P60335 [B3]
alphaCP2 Mus musculus UniProt: Q61990 [B4]
Interactor(s) of Binding Protein(s)
Description Species Link Ref.
y-box- binding protein Mus musculus EMBL: X57621.1 [P1]
y-box protein 1(msy-1) Mus musculus UniProt: P62960 [P2]
Filamin Homo sapiens UniProt: P21333 [P3]
9G8 Homo sapiens UniProt: Q16629 [P4]
hnRNP K Homo sapiens UniProt: P61978 [P5]
hnRNP L Mus musculus UniProt: Q8R081 [P6][P7]
alphaCP2 Homo sapiens UniProt: Q15366 [P8][P9][P10]
alphaCP1 Homo sapiens UniProt: Q15365 [P11][P12]
AUF1/hnRNP D Homo sapiens UniProt: Q14103 [P13]
PABP Homo sapiens UniProt: P11940 [P14]
::References
ID [1]
Authors Waggoner SA and Liebhaber SA.
Title Regulation of alpha-globin mRNA stability.
Citation Exp Biol Med 228: 387-95.
Year 2003
ID [2]
Authors Leffers,H., Dejgaard,K. and Celis,J.E.
Title Characterisation of two major cellular poly(rC)-binding human proteins, each containing three K-homologous (KH) domains
Citation Eur. J. Biochem. 230 (2), 447-453
Year 1995
ID [3]
Authors Makeyev,A.V., Chkheidze,A.N. and Liebhaber,S.A.
Title A set of highly conserved RNA-binding proteins, alphaCP-1 and alphaCP-2, implicated in mRNA stabilization, are coexpressed from an intronless gene and its intron-containing paralog
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 274, 24849-24857
Year 1999
ID [4]
Authors Kiledjian M, DeMaria CT, Brewer G, Novick K.
Title Identification of AUF1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) as a component of the alpha-globin mRNA stability complex
Citation Mol Cell Biol. 17(8):4870-6.
Year 1997
ID [5]
Authors Gamarnik, A., and R. Andino.
Title Two functional complexes formed by KH domain containing proteins with the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus RNA
Citation RNA 3:882-892
Year 1997
ID [6]
Authors Bedard KM, Walter BL, Semler BL
Title Multimerization of poly(rC) binding protein 2 is required for translation initiation mediated by a viral IRES
Citation RNA. 10(8):1266-76
Year 2004
ID [7]
Authors Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, Choi M, Jang SK
Title Protein?protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm
Citation J Mol Biol 298:395?405
Year 2000
ID [8]
Authors Wang Z, Day N, Trifillis P, Kiledjian M
Title An mRNA stability complex functions with poly(A)-binding protein to stabilize mRNA in vitro
Citation Mol Cell Biol 19:4552?4560
Year 1999
ID [9]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [10]
Authors Thisted, T., D. L. Lyakhov, and S. Liebhaber
Title Optimized RNA targets of two closely related triple KH domain proteins, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K and CP-2KL, suggest distinct modes of RNA recognition
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 276:17484-17496
Year 2001
ID [11]
Authors Marotta,C.A., Forget,B.G., Weissman,S.M., Verma,I.M.,McCaffrey,R.P. and Baltimore,D.
Title Nucleotide sequences of human globin messenger RNA
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 (6), 2300-2304
Year 1974
ID [12]
Authors Parola AL, Kobilka BK.
Title The peptide product of a 5' leader cistron in the beta 2 adrenergic receptor mRNA inhibits receptor synthesis.
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 1994 Feb 11; 269(6): 4497-505
Year 1994
ID [13]
Authors Andino, R., G. Rieckhof, P. L. Achacose, and D. Baltimore
Title Poliovirus RNA synthesis utilizes an RNP complex formed around the 5' end of viral RNA
Citation EMBO J. 12:3587-3598
Year 1993
ID [14]
Authors Racaniello,V.R. and Baltimore,D
Title Molecular cloning of poliovirus cDNA and determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (8), 4887-4891
Year 1981
ID [15]
Authors Chkheidze AN, Liebhaber SA
Title A novel set of nuclear localization signals determine distributions of the alphaCP RNA-binding proteins.
Citation Mol Cell Biol. 23(23):8405-8415
Year 2003
ID [16]
Authors Chkheidze, A. N., D. L. Lyakhov, A. V. Makeyev, J. Morales, J. Kong, and S. A. Liebhaber.
Title Assembly of alpha-globin mRNA stability complex reflects binary interaction between the pyrimidine-rich 3' untranslated region determinant and poly(C) binding protein alphaCP
Citation Mol. Cell. Biol. 19(7):4572-4581
Year 1999
ID [17]
Authors Ji, X., J. Kong, and S. A. Liebhaber
Title In vivo association of the stability control protein alphaCP with actively translating mRNAs
Citation Mol. Cell. Biol. 23(3):899-907
Year 2003
ID [18]
Authors Kong, J., X. Ji, and S. A. Liebhaber
Title The KH-domain protein alphaCP has a direct role in mRNA stabilization independent of its cognate binding site
Citation Mol. Cell. Biol. 23(4):1125-1134
Year 2003
ID [19]
Authors Makeyev, A. V., D. L. Eastmond, and S. A. Liebhaber
Title Targeting a KH-domain protein with RNA decoys
Citation RNA 8:1160-1173
Year 2002
ID [20]
Authors Makeyev, A. V., and S. A. Liebhaber
Title Identification of two novel mammalian genes establishes a subfamily of KH-domain RNA-binding proteins
Citation Genomics 67:301-316
Year 2000
ID [21]
Authors Makeyev, A. V., and S. A. Liebhaber
Title The poly(C)-binding proteins: a multiplicity of function and a search for mechanisms
Citation RNA 8:265-278
Year 2002
ID [22]
Authors Wang X, Liebhaber SA
Title Complementary change in cis determinants and trans factors in the evolution of an mRNP stability complex
Citation EMBO J. 15(18):5040-5051
Year 1996
ID [23]
Authors Wang, X., M. Kiledjian, I. M. Weiss, and S. A. Liebhaber
Title Detection and characterization of a 3' untranslated region ribonucleoprotein complex associated with human alpha-globin mRNA stability
Citation Mol. Cell. Biol. 15:1769-1777
Year 1995
ID [24]
Authors Russell JE, Liebhaber SA.
Title The stability of human beta-globin mRNA is dependent on structural determinants positioned within its 3' untranslated region
Citation Blood. 87(12):5314-23
Year 1996
ID [25]
Authors Holcik M, Liebhaber SA.
Title Four highly stable eukaryotic mRNAs assemble 3' untranslated region RNA-protein complexes sharing cis and trans components
Citation Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 94(6):2410-4
Year 1997
ID [26]
Authors Waggoner SA, Liebhaber SA.
Title Identification of mRNAs associated with alphaCP2-containing RNP complexes
Citation Mol Cell Biol. 23(19):7055-7067
Year 2003
ID [U1]
Authors Thisted, T., D. L. Lyakhov, and S. Liebhaber
Title Optimized RNA targets of two closely related triple KH domain proteins, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K and CP-2KL, suggest distinct modes of RNA recognition
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 276:17484-17496
Year 2001
ID [U2]
Authors Marotta,C.A., Forget,B.G., Weissman,S.M., Verma,I.M.,McCaffrey,R.P. and Baltimore,D.
Title Nucleotide sequences of human globin messenger RNA
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 (6), 2300-2304
Year 1974
ID [U3]
Authors Andino, R., G. Rieckhof, P. L. Achacose, and D. Baltimore
Title Poliovirus RNA synthesis utilizes an RNP complex formed around the 5' end of viral RNA
Citation EMBO J. 12:3587-3598
Year 1993
ID [T1]
Authors Marotta,C.A., Forget,B.G., Weissman,S.M., Verma,I.M.,McCaffrey,R.P. and Baltimore,D.
Title Nucleotide sequences of human globin messenger RNA
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 (6), 2300-2304
Year 1974
ID [T2]
Authors Racaniello,V.R. and Baltimore,D
Title Molecular cloning of poliovirus cDNA and determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (8), 4887-4891
Year 1981
ID [G1]
Authors Parola AL, Kobilka BK.
Title The peptide product of a 5' leader cistron in the beta 2 adrenergic receptor mRNA inhibits receptor synthesis.
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 1994 Feb 11; 269(6): 4497-505
Year 1994
ID [G2]
Authors Racaniello,V.R. and Baltimore,D
Title Molecular cloning of poliovirus cDNA and determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the viral genome
Citation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78 (8), 4887-4891
Year 1981
ID [B1]
Authors Leffers,H., Dejgaard,K. and Celis,J.E.
Title Characterisation of two major cellular poly(rC)-binding human proteins, each containing three K-homologous (KH) domains
Citation Eur. J. Biochem. 230 (2), 447-453
Year 1995
ID [B2]
Authors Leffers,H., Dejgaard,K. and Celis,J.E.
Title Characterisation of two major cellular poly(rC)-binding human proteins, each containing three K-homologous (KH) domains
Citation Eur. J. Biochem. 230 (2), 447-453
Year 1995
ID [B3]
Authors Makeyev,A.V., Chkheidze,A.N. and Liebhaber,S.A.
Title A set of highly conserved RNA-binding proteins, alphaCP-1 and alphaCP-2, implicated in mRNA stabilization, are coexpressed from an intronless gene and its intron-containing paralog
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 274, 24849-24857
Year 1999
ID [B4]
Authors Makeyev,A.V., Chkheidze,A.N. and Liebhaber,S.A.
Title A set of highly conserved RNA-binding proteins, alphaCP-1 and alphaCP-2, implicated in mRNA stabilization, are coexpressed from an intronless gene and its intron-containing paralog
Citation J. Biol. Chem. 274, 24849-24857
Year 1999
ID [P1]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [P2]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [P3]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [P4]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [P5]
Authors Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, Choi M, Jang SK
Title Protein?protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm
Citation J Mol Biol 298:395?405
Year 2000
ID [P6]
Authors Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, Choi M, Jang SK
Title Protein?protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm
Citation J Mol Biol 298:395?405
Year 2000
ID [P7]
Authors Funke, B., B. Zuleger, R. Benavente, T. Schuster, M. Goller, J. Stevenin, and I. Horak
Title The mouse poly(C)-binding protein exists in multiple isoforms and interacts with several RNA-binding proteins
Citation Nucleic Acids Res. 24:3821-3828
Year 1996
ID [P8]
Authors Gamarnik, A., and R. Andino.
Title Two functional complexes formed by KH domain containing proteins with the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus RNA
Citation RNA 3:882-892
Year 1997
ID [P9]
Authors Bedard KM, Walter BL, Semler BL
Title Multimerization of poly(rC) binding protein 2 is required for translation initiation mediated by a viral IRES
Citation RNA. 10(8):1266-76
Year 2004
ID [P10]
Authors Kim JH, Hahm B, Kim YK, Choi M, Jang SK
Title Protein?protein interaction among hnRNPs shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm
Citation J Mol Biol 298:395?405
Year 2000
ID [P11]
Authors Gamarnik, A., and R. Andino.
Title Two functional complexes formed by KH domain containing proteins with the 5' noncoding region of poliovirus RNA
Citation RNA 3:882-892
Year 1997
ID [P12]
Authors Bedard KM, Walter BL, Semler BL
Title Multimerization of poly(rC) binding protein 2 is required for translation initiation mediated by a viral IRES
Citation RNA. 10(8):1266-76
Year 2004
ID [P13]
Authors Kiledjian M, DeMaria CT, Brewer G, Novick K.
Title Identification of AUF1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D) as a component of the alpha-globin mRNA stability complex
Citation Mol Cell Biol. 17(8):4870-6.
Year 1997
ID [P14]
Authors Wang Z, Day N, Trifillis P, Kiledjian M
Title An mRNA stability complex functions with poly(A)-binding protein to stabilize mRNA in vitro
Citation Mol Cell Biol 19:4552?4560
Year 1999
Links